Chaire UNESCO Alimentations du monde

Davantage de repas végétariens à la cantine pour concilier qualité nutritionnelle et protection de l'environnement

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2022-09-29T16:37:05Z

En France métropolitaine, environ 8,5 millions d'enfants déjeunent chaque semaine en restauration scolaire. La composition de ces repas est soumise au respect des règles imposées par l'arrêté et le décret n° 2011-1227 du 30 septembre 2011 « relatif à la qualité nutritionnelle des repas servis dans le cadre de la restauration scolaire »...

- So What ? / Darmon Nicole, Policy brief, Gouvernance/politique, Environnementale, Biologique, Français, Ressources de la Chaire, Depuis 2020, Poinsot Romane, Vieux Florent

La malnutrition des enfants au Guatemala : facteurs aggravants et leviers

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2022-06-24T10:29:10Z

La pauvreté est plus complexe que le seul manque de revenus dont un individu aurait besoin pour satisfaire ses besoins essentiels. Elle est multidimensionnelle et peut se manifester par la privation des capabilités.

- So What ? / Policy brief, Gouvernance/politique, Biologique, Français, Ressources de la Chaire, Depuis 2020, Milovich Juliana Yael, Villar Elena

Le lait de chamelle, un aliment “miracle" ? - Gaukhar Konuspayeva

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2022-06-21T12:04:13Z

- Session 1 - Des besoins physiologiques aux dépendances et addictions / Vidéo, Transformation, Biologique, Français, Ressources de la Chaire, Depuis 2020, Konuspayeva Gaukhar

N°20/ Notre statut pondéral nous rend-il plus vulnérable à l'environnement alimentaire ?

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2022-06-16T15:00:38Z

L'obésité représente une problématique de santé publique importante qui s'accompagne de conséquences socioéconomiques. L'obésité a une origine multifactorielle qui comprend des aspects environnementaux, biologiques, psychologiques et sociaux. Par ailleurs, ses conséquences impliquent des complications physiques, psychologiques et sociales au niveau individuel.

- So What ? / Policy brief, Consommation, Biologique, Français, Ressources de la Chaire, Depuis 2020, Mas Marine, Chambaron Stéphanie, Brindisi Marie-Claude

Comparison of sociodemographic and nutritional characteristics between self-reported vegetarians, vegans, and meat-eaters from the NutriNet-Santé study

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-11-03T16:22:54Z

There is a growing trend for vegetarian and vegan diets in many Western countries. Epidemiological evidence suggesting that such diets may help in maintaining good health is rising. However, dietary and sociodemographic characteristics of vegetarians and vegans are not well known. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe sociodemographic and nutritional characteristics of self-reported, adult vegetarians and vegans, compared to meat-eaters, from the French NutriNet-Santé study.

- Vous reprendrez bien un peu de protéines ? / Méjean Caroline, Article scientifique, Consommation, Biologique, Anglais, Ressources hors Chaire, De 2017 à 2020, Allès Benjamin , Hercberg Serge , Baudry Julia

Dietary diversity as a household food security indicator

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-11-03T16:15:27Z

Household food security is an important measure of well-being. Although it may not encapsulate all dimensions of poverty, the inability of households to obtain access to enough food for an active, healthy life is surely an important component of their poverty. Accordingly, devising an appropriate measure of food security outcomes is useful in order to identify the food insecure, assess the severity of their food shortfall, characterize the nature of their insecurity (for example, seasonal versus chronic), predict who is most at risk of future hunger, monitor changes in circumstances, and assess the impact of interventions. However, obtaining detailed data on food security status—such as 24- hour recall data on caloric intakes—can be time consuming and expensive and require a high level of technical skill both in data collection and analysis. This paper examines whether an alternative indicator, dietary diversity, defined as the number of unique foods consumed over a given period of time, provides information on household food security. It draws on data from 10 countries (India, the Philippines, Mozambique, Mexico, Bangladesh, Egypt, Mali, Malawi, Ghana, and Kenya) that encompass both poor and middle-income countries, rural and urban sectors, data collected in different seasons, and data on calories acquisition obtained using two different methods. ....[D]ietary diversity would appear to show promise as a means of measuring food security and monitoring changes and impact, particularly when resources available for such measurement are scarce.

- Fortifier les aliments pour lutter contre les carences ? / Rapport/synthèse, Consommation, Biologique, Anglais, Ressources hors Chaire, Avant 2014, Hoddinott John , Yohannes Yisehac

Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-11-03T16:12:50Z

The guidelines are written from nutrition and public health perspective, to provide practical guidance on how food fortification should be implemented, monitored and evaluated. They are primarily intended for nutrition-related public health programme managers, but should also be useful to all those working to control micronutrient malnutrition, including the food industry.

- Fortifier les aliments pour lutter contre les carences ? / Rapport/synthèse, Consommation, Biologique, Anglais, Ressources hors Chaire, Avant 2014, Allen Lindsay , De Benoist Bruno , Dary Omar

Fortifier les aliments pour lutter contre les carences ?

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-11-03T13:34:48Z

Où l'on apprend que la lutte contre les carences en micronutriments passe notamment par la diversification des régimes alimentaires ; une bonne manière de soutenir la diversité des productions. Pourtant, ce sont des solutions techniques comme la supplémentation ou la (bio)fortification, jugées plus innovantes, qui prédominent encore dans les politiques nutritionnelles pour répondre aux enjeux de malnutrition.

- Fortifier les aliments pour lutter contre les carences ? / Bricas Nicolas, Avallone Sylvie, Consommation, Biologique, Français, Chapitre de l'ouvrage, Depuis 2020, Chapitre d'ouvrage, Alpha Arlène, carences alimentaires, carence nutritionnelle, les formes de malnutrition, démocratie alimentaire

Toward a new philosophy of preventive nutrition : from a reductionist to a holistic paradigm to improve nutritional recommendations

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-10-27T13:43:38Z

The reductionist approach has been predominant to date in human nutrition research and has unraveled some of the fundamental mechanisms at the basis of food nutrients (e.g., those that involve deficiency diseases). In Western countries, along with progress in medicine and pharmacology, the reductionist approach helped to increase life expectancy. However, despite 40 y of research in nutrition, epidemics of obesity and diabetes are growing each year worldwide, both in developed and developing countries, leading to a decrease in healthy life years. Yet, interactions between nutrition-health relations cannot be modeled on the basis of a linear cause-effect relation between 1 food compound and 1 physiologic effect but rather from multicausal nonlinear relations. In other words, explaining the whole from the specific by a bottom-up reductionist approach has its limits. A top-down approach becomes necessary to investigate complex issues through a holistic view before addressing any specific question to explain the whole. However, it appears that both approaches are necessary and mutually reinforcing. In this review, Eastern and Western research perspectives are first presented, laying out bases for what could be the consequences of applying a reductionist versus holistic approach to research in nutrition vis-à-vis public health, environmental sustainability, breeding, biodiversity, food science and processing, and physiology for improving nutritional recommendations. Therefore, research that replaces reductionism with a more holistic approach will reveal global and efficient solutions to the problems encountered from the field to the plate. Preventive human nutrition can no longer be considered as “pharmacology” or foods as “drugs.”

- Décloisonner les savoirs sur l'alimentation / Article scientifique, Consommation, Biologique, Anglais, Ressources hors Chaire, De 2014 à 2017, Fardet Anthony, Rock Edmond

A conceptual model of the food and nutrition system

Mathilde COUDRAY — 2021-10-27T13:32:28Z

The integrated model developed here included three subsystems (producer, consumer, nutrition) and nine stages (production, processing, distribution, acquisition, preparation, consumption, digestion, transport, metabolism). The integrated model considers the processes and transformations that occur within the system and relationships between the system and other systems in the biophysical and social environments. The integrated conceptual model of the food and nutrition system presents food and nutrition activities as part of a larger context and identifies linkages among the many disciplines that deal with the food and nutrition system.

- Pourquoi une approche écologique de l'alimentation ? / Article scientifique, Système alimentaire, Biologique, Anglais, Ressources hors Chaire, Avant 2014, Sobal Jeffery , Kettel Khan Laura , Bisognia Carole